




Nietzsche argues moral values stem from ancient power struggles between elites and oppressed groups, challenging our assumption that altruism is inherently good. He shows how 'bad' originally meant commoner, not evil, while slave morality flipped this by labeling weakness as virtue. The analysis of asceticism as a survival tool for the powerless reveals how suffering gets meaning through self-denial, turning weakness into enduring power. This genealogical lens helps us see modern norms as echoes of historical battles, urging skepticism toward unexamined beliefs about right and wrong rather than accepting them as natural truths.

